But John Moses Browning, America’s preeminent arms designer, had another idea.īrowning’s earliest patent for a semi-auto is dated April 20, 1897, a date that would appear on the slides of Colt pistols for nearly half a century. government even tested the Luger 9mm and Mauser 7.63mm semi-autos for possible adoption as a new military sidearm. By 1900 a handful of American lawmen were already carrying Mauser self-loaders. The Mauser design was called the C96, better known today as the Broomhandle Mauser, and it was one of the most influential handguns in history. If that sounds vaguely familiar, it is the way almost every semi-auto pistol in the world works. German armsmaker Mauser came up with an entirely different approach in 1895 by using a bolt mechanism to extract and eject the spent cartridge casing, with the slide re-cocking the hammer on the recoil stroke and the bolt stripping a fresh cartridge from the magazine and chambering it as the slide rebounded. Though an important and enduring design, the Luger toggle lock was complicated. The Borchardt Automatic Repeating Pistol was an unusual-looking gun, but within its design was the toggle lock action that would become the underpinning for Georg Luger’s first 9mm Parabellum, introduced in 1900. The first real breakthrough came in 1893 with a design by Hugo Borchardt and his colleague Georg Luger. Before the turn of the last century, European gunmakers were working in earnest to design a practical self-loading pistol.
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